HLA-DRB1 family

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Human Uniqueness Compared to "Great Apes": 
Speculative Difference

The HLA-DRB1 (MHC Class II) family of genes codes for human leukocyte antigen membrane proteins of the DR family, and are involved in presentation of antigens to T cells. The results of an examination of the locus suggests a recent origin of multiple alleles. Findings implicate HLA-DRB1 lineages 8 and 11-14 as human-specific via multiple analyses, while some analyses indicate that 3, 15 and 16 are HLS and others do not. Lineages 1, 4 and 7, meanwhile, appear to be shared among multiple species. It is thought that this rapid appearance of new alleles is mediated by gene conversions and related events.

The Human Difference: 

Novel Alleles

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References

  1. Full-length sequence analysis of the HLA-DRB1 locus suggests a recent origin of alleles., von Salomé, J., Gyllensten U., and Bergström T. F. , Immunogenetics, 04/2007, Volume 59, Issue 4, p.261-71, (2007)